Joint



Sept. 23, 1941. D, E, \MLLARD 2,256,930

JOINT Filed March 14, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet l Sept. 23, 1941. D. E.WILLARD 2,256,930

JOINT Filed March 14, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 i um mmvmm P 1941- D. E.WILLARD 2,256,930

JOINT Filed March 14, 19 34 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 E E E EH v l -"mil mill 4.!

p 9 "D. E. WILLARD 2,256,930

JOINT Filed March 14, 1934 4 Sheets-Shget 4 vertical movement.

Patented Sept. 23, 1941 OFFICE 27 Claims.

the reenforcing bars between adjoining slabs against the so-calledfunneling action due to load pressures in the slabs.

In the building of roadways, for example, it is customary to bridgereenforcing or dowel bars between adjoining slabs to prevent theirrelative The passage of traffic over the roadway and the upward pressureof the subsoil, however, sets up heavy localized pressures in theconcrete around the bars adjacent the opposed faces of the slabs. Thisaction eventually crumbles the concrete and creates a funnel-like cavityaround the bar which permits definite relative movements of the slabsections and frequently enlarges the cavity to such an extent that theslabs eventually crack.

It is thereforeone object of my invention to associate with such areenforcing bar a member which reenforces the concrete in the funnelingin section, shOWing may improved expansion jointv region and carries thestresses normally set up in this locality into the main body of the slabby appropriate arms or prongs and directly into the reenforcing bar andgenerally to provide an im- Droved structure for transmitting the loadacross the joints of concrete roadway slabs.

It is a further object of my invention to connect the ends of the prongswith lateral girders or rods which extend the full width of the roadwayor the slabs as an additional strengthenin agency.

A further object is to provide a joint of the character indicated inwhich the member which reenforces against the funneling action issuitably maintained in position against the pouring impact of theconcrete, thereby insuring that, in the finished slab, this member willbe in a position to perform its intended service.

A further object is to devise an expansion joint which can be locatedwith accuracy inadvance of pouring the concrete and which forms apermanent part of the roadway or other structural condition, which isadditionally adapted to prevent relative vertical shifting of adjoiningslab sections, and which is further provided with devices for preventingany funnelingaction of the concrete around the reenforcing bar whichextends between adjoining sections.

A further object is to devise a footing strip which serves as-asupport'forthe uprights that position the expansion strip and carriesthe reenforcing bar, and which is formed as a simple fiat strip havinganchorage prongs which are preferably punched and bent out of the planeof the strip and forced into the sub-soil, thereby avoiding the use ofground locating stakes for positioning these parts.

These and further objects of my invention will be set forth in thefollowing specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and the novel means by which said objects are efiectuated willbe definitely pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of a roadway, partly in position and a suggestedarrangement for alternately reversing the positions of the chairs onopposite sides of the expansion strip across the width of the roadway;

Fig. 2 is a section along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1; looking in thedirection of the arrows, and showing a suggested arrangement ofshielding strips which are located between the footingstrips to preventupward movement of water and soil between the adjoining slab sections.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a footing strip which acts as a supportfor the uprights that position the expansion strip and carry thereenforcing bar.

conform to the peripheral curvature of the reenforcing bar in order toprevent lateral shifting thereof when the concrete is poured.

Fig. 6 is a partial elevation, looking in the direction of the arrow 6in Fig. 1, showing a bowed reenforcing member that may be carried by thechairs between pairs of reenforcing bars in order to improve the bond ofthe chair with I the concrete.

Fig. '7 is a section along the line in Fig. 6,

looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged plan view of the left end of the expansion strip,as viewed in Fig. 1, or as viewed in the direction of the arrow 8 inFig. 4.

.Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the strip as viewed in the direction ofthe arrow 9 in Fig. 8.

Fig. is a view corresponding to that shown in Fig. 9, but showing amodified method of mounting the spider member which reenforces theconcrete against tunneling.

Fig. 11 is a section along the line ll-l| in Fig. 10, looking in thedirection of the arrows.

Fig 12 is a sectional elevation, corresponding to that shown in Fig.4,showing a modified construction of the spider member.

Fig. 13 is a sectional elevation, corresponding to that shown in Fig. 4,but showing a modified arrangement which eliminates the central pair ofspaced uprights and also a different method of holding the cover stripin position.

Fig. 14 is a section along the line ll-H in Fig. 13, looking in thedirection of the arrows.

Fig. 15 is a partial sectional view showing a different arrangement ofpreventing relative shifting of the reenforcing members and the re:enforcing bar.

Fig. 16 is a sectional elevational view showing a modification of theconstruction illustrated in Fig. 4, the principal difierence consistingin a shortening of the sleeve within which the reenforcing bar. slips.

Fig. 17 is a plan view showing a modified type of expansion joint and amodified type of reenforcing member.

Fig. 18 is a section along the line l8-l8 in Fig. 17, looking in thedirection of the arrows.

Fig. 19 is a sectional view in elevation showing a still furtherarrangement of the reenforcing members with reference to the expansionstrip, the flange or plate portion of each reenforcing member beingspaced from theexpansion strip and therefore from the adjacent face ofthe associated concrete slab.

Fig. 20 is an elevation showing a stake that may be employed to supportthe reenforcing rods between the footing strips as viewed in Fig. 1where the spacing of these strips is such that the rods tend to sagbetween the reenforcing spiders.

For purpose of illustration and as exemplifying one use of my improvedjoint and the support ,therefor, the same will be described inconnection with a roadway. It will be understood,

however, that the essential conception involved is likewise susceptibleof adaptation to structural sections in general, regardless of theircomposing material, where such sections are subject to expansion andcontraction and it is desired to prevent buckling or cracking ofadjoining sections by inserting a yielding member therebetween, andwhere such sections are subject to transverse pressures and it isdesired to prevent any funneling action around the reenforcing barswhich extend between adjoining sections.

Referring to Fig. 4, the numeral [0 designates a chair which comprises afooting strip ll whose ends may be bent transversely as at l2 to providestrip for a similar purpose, thereby avoiding the use of the usualground-locating stakes. The longitudinal edges of the strip II are alsopreferably bent to form longitudinal guideways Ilwhose inner ends arespaced from each other, as

at l5, (see Fig. 3) in order to permit the associa-- tion therewith ofuprights iii. A pair of these uprights are employed and their lower endsare flanged as at I! to provide a foot for each upright and which isinserted between a pair of the guideways ll. The intermediate portion ofeach upright I8 is offset as at l3 (see Fig. 4) to provide a recess forthe reception of a reenforcing spider member hereinafter described, andthe upper end of each upright is flanged outwardly as at l9 and thenreversely bent as at 23 to grip a flange on-a cover strip hereinafterdescribed.

At the right end of the footing strip, as illustrated in Fig. 4, a thirdupright 22 is supported thereby and includes a flange 23 which serves asa foot therefor and which is slidable between a pair of the guideways Hor the flange may be flxed in position. The upright 22 is insertedbetween the guideways H from the right end of the footing strip II andis moved until it contacts with a stop 28 provided in the footing stripand which may be simply formed by offsetting a portion of the latterstrip. The upper end of the upright 22' is provided with a cradle flange25 which conforms to the peripheral curvature of one end of areeniorcing or dowel bar 23. A flange 21 extends upwardly from the endof the cradle 25 and engages the end of the bar 28.

The bar 26 extends toward the left, as viewed in Fig. 4, through anaperture l8 provided in each ofl'set portion l8 of the upright l3 andthe left end of the bar is received within a sleeve 28 that is supportedupon an upright 29 having a footing flange 30 that is carried by thefooting strip ll between the guideways I4 thereof and an anchoringdevice for-positioning the strip on which is moved along the strip lluntil it contacts with a stop 3|, corresponding to the stop The upperend of the upright 29 is also formed with a cradle portion 32 having astop flange 33 at. the left end thereof which engages with the pinchedend 34 of the sleeve 28. In order'to limit the initial endwise insertionof the reenforcing bar within the sleeve 28, a stop flange 35 is out outof the cradle flange 32 and bent upwardly through a suitable apertureprovided in the bottom of the sleeve 28 for contact with the left end ofthe bar 26.

The bar 28 is intended to resist any relative vertical movement of theadjoining slab sections, while permitting their lateral expansion andcontraction with respect. to each other, and the use of. the stop flange35 insures that there will be suflicient space between the left end ofthe bar and the end of' the sleeve 28 to permit a substantial movementof the bar-within the sleeve without fracturing the pinched end 34 ofthe sleeve.

The expansion strip 36 is located between the uprights l8 and iscomposed of a pair of strips 31 and 38 which are located with theirfaces in abutting relation. The inner face of each strip is providedwith a plurality of longitudinally extending depressions 39 which areseparated by ridges 40. When the strips occupy the positions shown inFig. 4, the presence of the depressions 33 facilitate the yielding ofthe strip under compression. Preferably, the holes through the'strip 38which areformed by the depressions 33 have a total cross-sectional areaequal to approximately one-half of the total cross-sectional area. 'ofthe strip, although this relation may be varied as desired. With thisarrangement, the strip can be compressed without forcing the upper edgethereof above the surface of the roadway. Any number of suitableapertures may be appropriately disposed in both of the component strips31 and 38 to receive the reenforcing bars above described. The expansionstrip 36 may be composed of a bituminous composition mixture, such as isnow commonly employed in the industry for strips of this nature, or itmay be formed of cork or rubber, or the expansion may be accommodated bythe so-called metal walled joint in which thin metal walls providefacings for the opposed ends of the slabs, the walls being separated byan air space or other yieldable filling. All of the foregoing expansionmembers or strips are well known in the art and in and of themselvesform no part of the present invention. In any case, it is contemplatedthat the expansion member will be arranged to yield in response tomovements of the concrete, and will be composed of a material that isresistant to water, earth acids, or any other decomposing influenceswhich are commonly met with in the use of structures of this type. Thethickness of the strip may be varied as desired and may be as low asone-half inch. Wherever the terms yieldable spacer or fyieldable strip"appear in the accomparwing claims they are intended to encompass fillermembers having the foregoing characteristics. I

In certain roadway constructions, it is desirable that the upper face ofthe expansion strip 36 be protected and, for this purpose, a cover strip42 having an inverted channel section en-' cases that portion of theexpansion strip above the flanges IS, the web portion of this stripbeing deflected transversely toward the expansion strip andlongitudinally. of the cover strip to thereby provide a web member thatwill readily yield under the expansive forces of the concrete. The sidesof the cover strip extend downwardly along the sides of the expansionstrip and are then bent outwardly and upwardly to provide a plurality offlanges 43 (see Fig. 4) which form with the sides of the strip a pair ofchannels 43*- in which moisture may be collected and conducted to thesides of the road for discharge.

The flanges 43 are preferably separated by the slots 43 for a purposepresently explained, but which do not extend to the bottoms of thechannels 43 and hence do not affect the primary purpose of the latter.position by bending the flanges Hover the adjacent flanges 43. A keymember, such as a cotter pin 4|, is bridged between the uprights l6 andextends through the expansion strip 36, thus preventing any lateralspreading of the uprights and inhibiting any tendency of the expansionstrip to move upwardly.

One of the most important features of my improved joint resides in theuse of a reenforcing spider member 44 which comprises a plate portion 45that is mounted in the recess formed by the offsets l6 and which ispreferably integrally formed with a shell 46 that encircles the adjacentportion of the reenforcing bar 26. Above and below the bar 26, a pair ofarms 41 are bent out of the plane of the plate portion 45, the arms ofeach pair flaring with respect to each other and each arm being furtherangularly inclined with respect to the longitudinalaxis of the bar.Adjacent each end of each arm 41 is formed an open ended, Leshaped slot46, the slots of the upper pair of arms facing" upwardly and those ofthe lower pair facing downwardly for a pur- The strip 42 is held in posepresently explained, and within each slot tion to the expansion strip36. In order to retain these rods in position against the pouring impactof the concrete, the tongues 60, formed by cutting the slot 46, are bentaround the associated bars 43, as indicated in Fig. 4.

It is considered to be within the scope of my invention to provide thearms 41 with simple holes through which the reenforcing rods 49 may beextended, or to place these rods in contact with the longitudinal edgesof the respective arms, or to space these rods at a predetermineddistance above and below the arms of thev reenforcing members.

In order to provide a further bond of the exchannel 43 andheld in thisposition by bending the extremity of the flange 43 .over the connection53.

Figs. 1, 2 and 4 illustrate a characteristic employmnt of my improvedjoint and, in this assembly, the footing strips H are located across thewidth of the roadway with appropriate spacing and the uprights I6, 22and 29 are then positioned as hereinbefore described. The reenforcingspider members 44 are then located, followed by a forcing of theexpansion strip 36 downwardly between the uprights l6. The key 4| isthen passed through the expansion strip and, if the cover strip 42 isemployed, it may be positioned as described above. The reenforcing bar26 is then passed through the assembly of uprights l6, expansion strip36 and spider members 44, and into the sleeve 28, the uprights 22 and 29being appropriately positioned to support the bar and sleeve,respectively. The reenforcing bars 49 are then located in the slots 48and the reenforcing wires 5| are suitably disposed between the footingstrip as set forth above. The assemblage is then conditioned to receivethe concrete and it will be particularly noted that each of the partsare appropriately supported and will hold its positionagainst' thepouring impact of the concrete, so that when the latter hardens, theseveral elements will be properly located to perform their intendedservice.

By examining 4, it will be apparent that, when the assemblage showntherein is covered by concrete, that which composes the slabsection tothe right of the expansion strip will directly grip the surface of thereenforcing bar 26, while the concrete to the left of the strip will becompletely shielded from the adjacent portion of the bar by reason ofthe sleeve 26 and the shell 46. Accordingly, as the two slab sectionsmove toward and away from each other due to temperature changes, thereenforcing bar will slip easily between the sleeve 28, so that thisconstruction aflords a simple arrangement for preventing any relativevertical shifting of the slab sections, while freely permitting theirmovement toward and away from each other. In moving toward the left,from the position shown in Fig. 4, the bar 26 will shear off the flange35 whose only function is to limit the initial insertion of the bar inthe sleeveinorder to leave space for the subsequent movement of the barto the left of the flange.

At this point, it should be noted that, in certain installations, it maybe desirable to protect the lower surface of the expansion strip,between the footing strips ll, against the upward movement ofmoistureand earth. For this purpose, it is contemplated that lengths of anappropriate strip material, either composed of metal or a suitablewaterproof fabric, may be laid on the sub-soil between the footingstrips and having a greater width than the thickness of the expansionstrip 36. Such a shielding strip i denoted by the numeral 54 in Figs. 21and 4.

By the use of the spider member 44, it is apparent that the plateportion 45 and the shell 46 thereof adequately reenforce and protectthat portion of the concrete which encircles the bar adjacent theopposing faces of the adjoining slab sections. The stresses which areset up in this locality are carried into the body of the slab sectionsby the arms 41, as further reenforced by the rods 49. These latterelements serve to better distribute the imposed stresses and to moreadequately utilize the compressive strength of the concrete. Anytendency of one of the slabs to move downwardly is not only resisted bythe reenforcing bar 26, but also by the engagement of the reenforcingrods 49 with the bottoms of the slots 48 in the upper movement of thesame slab is alsoresisted by the bar 26 and by the engagement of thelower reenforcing rod 49 with the upper edges of the slots in the lowerarms 41. Moreover, because the plate portion 45 is attached to the arms41 which in turn are anchored in the concrete, the portion provideslateral support for that concrete in the tunneling region whichtransmits vertical force to the bar. The plate portion 45 and the shell45 also serve to reduce the unit pressure on the adjoining concrete, ascompared to that which would otherwise be present in a jointconstruction employing only simple dowel bars. The dowel bar ispositioned at mid-depth or in the neutral plane of the slabs: andparallel to the top surface. and normal tothe joint faces of the slabs.Therefore the arms 41 extend into the compression and tension regions ofeach slab, respectively.

In Figs. and 11, there is illustrated a modifled arrangement formounting the spider members. This modification contemplates that, incertain constructions, it may be desirable to eliminate the use of theuprights I6 and therefore the cover strip 42. spider member 55,corresponding to the member 44, would be pinned directly to theexpansion strip 58 bycotter pins 51. The strip 58 may be similar to thestrip 36, or it may be a simple type of expansion strip, such as anordinary fiat bituminous composition strip, or other types.

In Fig. 12 is illustrated a still further modification of the spidermember which contemplates the formation of the latter from two pieces,instead of the integral construction which characterizes the member 44.In theformer structure, the numeral 59 designates the plate portion ofthe spider, corresponding to the portion 45,. and this portion ismounted on a shoulder 60 provided on a sleeve 6| whose end 62 may beturned over to embrace the plate portion 59 to retain the two partstogether. As before, the reenforcing prongs 63 are bent outwardly fromthe plane of the plate portion 59. This construction may be desirableunder conditions which require a larger journal area in the sleeveportion than could be obtained by a simple punching of the plate portion45.

Under these conditions, the

arms 41, while an upward In Figs. 1 and 2 is shown a suggested method ofarranging my improved chairs and the accompanying expansion strips in aroadway. These chairs preferably extend lengthwise of the roadway andare disposed in parallel, spaced relation across the width thereof.

These chairs are positioned in the manner hereinbefore described,without any necessity for the use of ground-locating stakes, and theymay be located with great accuracy. The expansion strip 36may be placedin the chairs either before or after the latter have been located on theground and any one of the before described modifications may be employedin connection therewith, dependent upon the nature of the roadway.Whichever modification is adopted, it will be apparent that the chairswill rigidly hold the expansion strip in position against the pouringimpact of. the concrete and that, after the concrete has hardened, theroadway is substantially completed, since it is unnecessary to removeany part of the chair thereafter. The latter becomes a permanent part ofthe roadway and it provides a very effective means for locating theexpansion joint from the very commencement of road building operations.The relation of the height of the chairs to the thickness of the roadwaybed is preferably such that the web of the covering strip issubstantially flush with, or a short distance below, the surface of theroadway, and the same condition obtains with those installations wherethe covering strip is eliminated. The covering strip protects theexpansion strip against wear and is preferably composed of a materialthat will resist corrosion and is ductile.

As indicated in Fig. 1, the chairs are preferably located transverselyof the roadway with the sleeves 28 located in alternating relation onopposite sides of the expansion strip. If the reenforcing wires 5| areemployed, they will be located as generally indicated in this figure,that is, between adjacent pairs of chairs.

Referring to the modification illustrated in Figs. 13, 14 and 15, thenumeral 64 designates a footing strip, the numerals 65 and 66 the enduprights, and the numerals tively, represent a sleeve and reenforcingbar,

corresponding to the comparable elements shown in Fig. 4. As in thelatter figure, the bar 68 extends through an expansion strip 69 and isslidably received within the sleeve 61, the portion of the bar 68 to theright of the strip 69 being exposed for direct gripping by the concrete.

Instead of employing the central pair of spaced uprights to maintainthevertical position of the expansion strip 69 against the pouringimpact of the concrete, it is contemplated that the reenforcing members10, in conjunction with other parts presently noted, may be utilized forthis purpose. Eachofthe reenforcing members 19 includes a plate portionH which abuts directly against and is pinned at 13 or otherwise securedto the expansion strip 69, and also a cylindrical portion 12 whichprojects outwardly from the expansion strip and covers the adjacentportion of the bar 68. The cylindrical portion 12 to the left of theexpansion strip 69 abuts directly against the end of the sleeve 61 andthereby prevents sidewise movement of the expansion strip toward theleft, as viewed in Fig. 13. Movement of the strip in the oppositedirection is preyentedby'encircling the bar 69 with a clamp 14 whichcontacts with the cylindrical portion 12 on the right of the expansionstrip.

As in the preceding modification, each reenforcing member is providedwith arms 15 which 61 and 68, respec- -'|1, corresponding to the strip42. In order to hold this cover strip downwardly in the positionindicated against the upward pressure of the concrete when poured, it iscontemplated that asimple wire clip 18 may be bent around thereenforcing bar 88 and have its ends engaged with the flanges of thestrip 11.

In Fig. 15 is shown an alternative method of securing the expansionstrip andassociated reenforcing members against a shift toward the rightas shown in Fig. 13. This modification eliminates the clamp 18 andsubstitutes a simple set screw 18 therefor which is mounted in thecylindrical portion 12 of the right hand reenforcing member.

In the modification shown in Fig. 16, the general construction issimilar to that illustrated in- Fig. 4- as regards the expansion stripand the parts immediately associated therewith and also the particularmanner of supporting the reenforcing bar. In this case, however, thereen-- forcing bar, denoted by the numeral 88, has its left endsupported in. a sleeve 8| whose open end enforcing arms 88 may thenextend directly from the plate 84.

terminates at some distance from the adjacent side of the expansionstrip, leaving a portion 82 of the bar exposed to the concrete. It iscontemplated that this exposed portion would be painted and thereafterlubricated or greased in order to facilitate endwise shifting throughthe concrete. and prevent a direct gripping of the bar by the concrete.Endwise shifting of the bar is permitted as before by the short sleeve8|.

The modification illustrated in Figs. 1'7 and 18 embodies the functionalcharacteristics of the reenforcing arms 41 and the reenforcing rod 88,shown in Fig. 4. In this case, each reenforcing member 83 is formed as asimple plate which may be directly secured to an expansion strip 84, orit may be associated with a pair of spaced uprights as indicated in Fig.4. As before, each member 83 also includes a cylindrical portion 85through which the reenforcing bar 88 extends, the bar on one side of thestrip 84 being received within the usual sleeve 81. As in theconstruction shown in Fig. 13 the portion 85, on opposite sides 'of thestrip, abuts against the sleeve. 81

and a clamp 85* respectively, the latter encircling the bar 88. Theplate portion of each reenforcing member is'also provided with aplurality of lugs 88 which serve as attaching means for the ends ofreenforcing bars 88 that extend outwardly from the strip '84 for apredetermined distance and are then bent substantially parallel to thestrip, as indicated .by the numeral 88. If desired, the adjacent ends ofthe portions 88 may be wired together as at 8|. The outwardly extendingportions of the bars 88 correspond to the arms 41 in Fig. 4, while theportions 88 thereof correspond to the bars 48.

In Fig, 19, which illustrates a still further arrangement of associatingthe reenforcing members with the expansion strip, the numeral 82designates one of the members which is provided with the usualcylindrical portion 88 that encircles thereenforcing bar and also withthe laterally extending flange or plate portion 84. In this case,however, the plate 84 is spaced at some distancefrom the expansion strip85, instead of being substantially flush with the adjacent face of theassociated slab. The usual re- In Fig. 20 is illustrated a stake 81 thatmay have its lower end sharpened as at to facilitate its insertion inthe ground and which is utilized to support the reenforcing rods 48between the spider arms 41 where the footing strips are spaced at such adistance that the spider arms do not prevent sagging of the rods. Eachof the rods is received within a slot 88 and the portion I88 of eachstake that defines the slot may be bent over in order to retain the rod'48 in position. The correct elevation of the slots 88 above the surfaceof the sub-soil may be conveniently determined by providing a boss orstop IN on the stake, it being understood that the stake is driven intothe ground until the boss engages the surface thereof.

I claim:

1. A reenforced joint for concrete slab construction comprising areenforcing bar for extending between adjacent slabs, reenforcing meansoperatively associated with the bar on each side of the joint, eachmeans having arms adapted to extend into the body of each slab onopposite sides of thebar and eacharm having an opening therethrough, andbars located in said openings to provide a reenforcing connection withthe associated arms across the slab.

2. A'reenforced joint for concrete slab construction comprising areenforcing bar for extending between adjacent slabs, reenforcing meansoperatively associated with the bar on each side of the joint, eachhaving arms adapted to extend into the body of the associated slab onopposite sides of the bar and each arm including open ended slots, theslot ends on the uppermost arms facing upwardly and those on thelowermost arms facing downwardly, and bars located in the slots 0provide a reenforcing connection across the slatfwith the associatedarms.

3. A reenforced joint for concrete slab construction comprising areenforcing bar for extending between adjacent slabs, reenforcing meansoperatively associated with the bar on construction adapted for locatingin advance of pouring the concrete comprising a yieldable spacer forpositioning between adjacent slab sections, footing strip means restingon the supporting surface for the roadway, a pair of spaced uprightscarried by the footing strip means and engaging the opposite sides ofthe spacer to maintain the samev against the pouring impact of theconcrete when the slab sections are laid, a sleeve extending laterallyfrom one upright, a reenforcing bar slidable in the sleeve and extendingthrough the spacer for inclusion within the adjacent slab section, anduprights adjustable along the footing strip means for supporting theends of the sleeve and bar, respectively.

5. An expansion joint for concrete roadway construction adapted forlocating in advance of pouring the concrete comprising a yieldablespacer for positioning between adjacent slab sections, footing stripmeans resting on the supporting surface for the roadway, a pair ofspaced being adapted to transmit stresses between the uprights carriedby thefooting'stripmeEns and engagingopposite sides of the spacer tomaintain the same against the pouring impact of the concrete when theslab sections are laid, a sleeve extending laterally from one upright, areenforcing bar slidable in the sleeve and extending through the spacerfor inclusion within the adjacent slab section, and uprights carried bythe footing strip means for supporting the ends of the sleeve and bar,respectively, and having parts bent to form cradle portions forsupporting, and other parts engaging the end faces of, the sleeve andbar to maintain the same against endwise movement by the concrete.

6. An expansion joint for concrete roadway construction adapted forlocating in advance of pouring the concrete comprising a yieldablespacer for positioning between adjacent slab sections, footing stripmeans resting on the supporting surface for the roadway, a pair ofspaced uprights carried by the footing strip means and engaging oppositesides of the spacer to maintain the same against the pouring impact ofthe concrete when the slab sections are laid, a sleeve extendinglaterally from one upright, a reenforcing bar slidable in the sleeve andextending through the spacer for inclusion within the adjacent slabsection, uprights carried by the footing strip means'for supporting theends of the sleeve and bar, respectively, and having parts bent toformcradle portions for supporting, and other parts engaging the end facesof, the sleeve and bar to maintain the same against endwise movement bythe concrete, the sleeve supporting upright having a tongue extendingthrough the sleeve to limit the initial insertion of the bar.

7. An expansion joint for concrete roadway construction adapted forlocating in advance of pouring the concrete comprising a yieldablespacer for positioning between adjacent slab sections, footing stripmeans resting on the supporting surface for the roadway, a. pair ofspaced uprights carried by the footing strip means and engaging theopposite sides of the spacer to maintain the same against the pouringimpact of the concrete when the slab sections are laid,

bar and slabs, a cover strip in the form of an inverted channel sectionhaving outwardly extending flanges and closing the upper edge of theyieldable strip and abutting against the plate portion, and wire clipsencircling the reenforcing bar and secured to the cover strip to holdthe latter against the upward pressure of the concrete when poured.

10. An expansion joint for concrete roadway construction adapted forlocating in advance of pouring the concrete comprising a yieldable stripfor positioning between adjacent slab sections, a

footing strip resting on the supporting surface for the roadway, areenforcing bar extending through and on opposite sides of the yieldablestrip, a reenforcing member on each side of the yieldable strip andhaving a flange secured thereto and arms extending into the concrete,the arms being adapted to transmit stresses between the bar and slabs, asleeve enclosing the bar on one side of the yieldable strip, one end ofthe sleeve abutting the adjacent reenforcing member, the bar beingslidable in the sleeve and extending through the yieldable strip forinclusion within the adjacent slab section, uprights carried by thefooting strip for supporting the ends of the sleeve and bar,respectively, and means for preventing movement of the yieldable stripand the associated reenforcing members away from the sleeve under thepouring impact of the concrete.

11. An expansion joint for concrete roadway construction adapted forlocating in advance of pouring the concrete comprising a yieldable stripfor positioning between adjacent slab sections, a footing strip restingon the supporting surface for the roadway, a reenforcing bar extendingthrough and on opposite sides of the strip, a reenforcing member on eachside of the strip and having a flange secured to the strip and arms ex-7 tending into the concrete. the arms being adapted a sleeve extendinglaterally from one upright, a

reenforcing bar slidable in the sleeve and extending through the spacerfor inclusion within the adjacent slab section, uprights carried by thefooting strip means for supporting the ends of the sleeve and bar,respectively, and a reenforcing member operatively associated with thebar on each side of the spacer and having a'fiange disposed between thespacer and adjacent spaced upright, and arms extending from the flangefor embedding in the concrete.

8. An expansion joint for concrete roadway construction comprising ayieldable spacer for positioning between adjacent slab sections, areenforcing bar extending through the spacer, and a reenforcing memberon each side of the yield- -able spacer and having a plate portionsecured to the spacer and arms extending into the concrete, the armshaving stress carrying connections with the member; for transmittingstresses between the bar and slabs.

9. An expansion joint for concrete "roadway construction comprisingayieldable stripfor positioning between adjacent slab sections, areenforcing bar extending through the strip, a reenforcing member oneach side of the yieldable strip and having a plate portion secured tothe strip and arms extending into the concrete, the arms to transmitstresses between the bar andslabs, a sleeve enclosing the bar on oneside of the yieldable strip and having one end thereof abutting theadjacent reenforcing member, the bar being slidable in the sleeve andbeing exposed on the opposite side of the strip for direct gripping bythe concrete, uprights carried by the footing strip for supporting theends of the sleeve and bar, respectively, and means carried by theexposed portion of the bar for preventing movement of the strip andassociated parts away from the sleeve under the pouring impact of theconcrete.

12. An expansion joint for concrete roadway construction adapted forlocating in advance of pouring the concrete comprising a yieldable stripfor positioning between adjacent slab sections, a footing stripresting'on the supporting surface for the roadway. a reenforcing barextending through and on opposite sides of the strip, a reenforcingmember on each side of the strip and having a flange secured thereto andarms extending into the concrete, the arms being adapted to transmitstresses between the bar'and slabs, a sleeve enclosing the bar on oneside of the strip with its end abutting-the adjacent reenforcing member,the bar being slidable in the sleeve and being exposed on the oppositeside of the strip for direct gripping by the concrete, uprights carriedby the footing strip for supporting the ends of the sleeve and bar,respectively. and a clamp secured to the exposed portion of the bar inabutsociated parts away from the sleeve under the pouring impact of theconcrete.

13. An expansion joint for concrete roadway construction adapted forlocating in advance of pouring the concrete comprising a yieldable stripfor positioning between adjacent slab sections, a footing strip restingon the supporting surface for the roadway, a reenforcing bar extendingthrough and on opposite sides of the yieldablestrip, a reenforcingmember on each side of the yieldable strip and having a flange securedto the yieldable strip and arms extending into the concrete, the armsbeing adapted to transmit stresses between the bar and slabs, a sleeveenclosing the bar on one side of the yieldable strip and having its endabutting the adjacent reenforcing memher, the bar being slidable in thesleeve and being exposed on the opposite side of the yieldable strip for.direct gripping by the concrete, uprights carried by the footing stripfor supporting the ends of the sleeve and bar, respectively, and a setscrew mounted in the member adjacent .the exposed portion of the bar forengaging the latter to prevent movement of the yieldable strip andassociated parts away from the sleeve under the pouring impact of theconcrete.

14. An expansion joint for concrete roadway construction adapted forlocating in advance of pouring the concrete comprising a yieldable stripfor positioning between adjacent slab sections, a footing strip restingon the supporting surface for the roadway, a pair of spaced uprightscarried by the footing strip and engaging the opposite sides of theyieldable strip to maintain the same against the pouring impact of theconcrete when the slab sections are laid, a reenforcing bar extendingthrough and on opposite sides of the yieldable strip, a reenforcingmember on each side of the yieldable strip and having a flange held bythe spaced uprights and arms extending into the concrete, the arms beingadapted to transmit stresses between the bar and slabs, a sleeveenclosing one end of the bar leaving an exposed portion of the barbetween the sleeve and the yieldable strip, the exposed portion beinglubricated to facilitate slippage thereof through the concrete and theportion of the bar on the opposite side of the yieldable strip beingincluded within the adjacent slab section, and

uprights carried by the footing strip for supporting the ends of thesleeve and bar, respectively.

15. An expansion joint for concrete roadway construction comprising ayieldable strip for positioning between adjacent slab sections, areenforcing bar extending through the strip, a reenforcing memberoperatively associated with the bar on each side of the yieldable stripand having a flange secured to the strip and attaching means mounted onthe flange and strengthening bars connected to the attaching means andextending outwardly from the strip for a predetermineddistance and thenparallel to the strip.

16. An expansion joint for concrete roadway construction comprising ayieldable strip for positioning between adjacent slab sections, re-

- enforcing bars extending through the strip at intervals across theslab, a reeinforcing member operatively associated with each bar on eachside of the yieldable strip and having a flange secured to the strip andarms extending from the flange for embedding in the concrete andattaching means on the flange, and strengthening bars connected to eachof the attaching means and termined distance and then parallel to thestrip, the ends of the parallel portions across the slab being securedtogether 1'7. A joint for concrete slab construction comprising areenforcing member for extending between adjacent slabs, reenforcingmeans for embedding in the slabs on each side of the joint and having apair of stress carrying arms for extending into the body of theassociated slab on opposite sides of the bar, each arm having an openingtherethrough and being adapted to transmit stresses between the memberand slabs, and bar means located in the openings to provide areenforcing connection with the associated arms across the slab.

18. A joint for concrete slab construction comprising a reenforcingmember for extending between adjacent slabs, reenforcing means forembedding in the slabs on each side of the joint and having apair ofstress carrying arms for extending into the body of the associated slabon opposite sides of the member, each arm including open ended slots',the slot ends on the uppermost arms facing upwardly and those on sitesides of the bar, each arm including an L- shaped slot and being adaptedto transmit.

stresses between the member and slabs, and bar means located in theslots to provide a reenforcing connection across the slab with theassociated arms, a portion of each arm which deflnes the associated slotbeing bent around the bar means to retain the same in position.

20. A joint for concrete slab construction comprising a reenforcing barfor extending between adjacent slabs for transmitting the loadtherebetween, a sleeve encircling the bar on each side of the joint andcontacting the bar and having a flange portion encircling the sleeve forembedding in a face of the slab, and devices adapted to be anchored inthe slabs on each side of the joint, the devices having loadtransmitting connection with the sleeves and adapted to transmit theload between the bar and slabs and also being connected to the flangeswhereby the flanges provide lateral support for the concrete in thefunneling regions around the bar.

21. A joint for concrete slab construction comprising a reenforcingmember for extending between adjacent slabs for transmitting the loadtherebetween, a sleeveencircling'the member on.

each side of the joint and contacting the member and having a flangeportion encircling the sleeve on each side of the joint for embedding ina face of the slab, and arms formed integrally with the sleeve andflangeportion and extending therefrom for embedding in the concrete, thesleeves and arms being adapted to transmit the load be-,

tween the member and slabs and-the flange portions being adapted toprovide lateral support for the concrete in the funneling regions aroundthemember.

22. A reenforced joint for concrete slab construction comprising a jointinember for posiextending outwardly from the strip for a prede- 75,tioning between adjacent slabs, a load transfer member bridging thespace between the slabs.

means for reenforcing the load transfer member operatively associatedtherewith on each side of the joint member, the reenforcing meansentering and reeni'orcing their respective slabs, and means forreenforcing the joint member, said last-mentioned means assisting inretaining the load transfer member in a predetermined position duringthe pouring of the concrete.

23. A reenforced joint for concrete slab construction comprising a jointmember for positioning between adjacent slabs, a load transfer memberbridging the space between the slabs, means for reenforcing the loadtransfer member operatively associated therewith on each side of thejoint member, the reeniorcing means entering and reenforcing theirrespective slabs, and means for reenforcing the joint member, saidlast-mentioned means maintaining the reenforcing means for the loadtransfer member against rotation and assisting in retaining the loadtransfer member in a predetermined position during the pouring of theconcrete.

24. A reeni'orced joint for concrete slab construction comprising ajoint member for positioning between adjacent slabs, a load transfermember bridging the space between the slabs,

means for reenforcing the load transfer member operatively associatedtherewith on each side of the joint member, the reenforcing meansentering and reenforcing their respective slabs, means for reenforcingthe joint member, said last-mentioned means assisting in retaining theload transfer member in a predetermined position during the pouring oi'the concrete, and means for anchoring said last-mentioned means in apredetermined position during the pouring of the concrete.

25. A bracket for supporting a dowel bar which material of the slab. barand which bracket are adapted to @xtend across a pavement joint and intoadjacent slabs of a pavement, said bracket having a central portion forpositioning it with respect to the pavement joint, said central portionterminating in oppositely-extending portions, said latter portions beingadapted to extend into the adjacent slabs of the pavement and supportthe dowel bar during pouring and setting of the pavement material, saidcentral portion being structurally weakened so that said bracket mayshear at said central portion after the pavement material has set andwhen relative movement between the pavement slabs occurs.

26. Connecting means for a pair of slabs comprising a dowel barconnecting the slabs, and means engaging a medial portion of the dowelbar for distributing stresses to which the dowel pin is subjected wheneither slab isloaded through the material of the loaded slab laterallyto either side of the dowel pin, said means including arms infirmsupporting cooperation with the dowel pin directly adjacent to theadjacent faces of the slabs and extending upwardly and outwardly anddownwardly and outwardly, respectively, from the medial portion of saiddowel pin into the material of the slabs. 2'1. Connecting means for apair of slabs comprising a dowel pin extending between and into theslabs, a tubular'structure embedded in one of the slabs and slidablyaccommodating the related end portion of the dowel pin, and means fordistributing stresses to which the tubular structure is subjected wheneither slab is loaded, said means comprising arms rigid with saidtubular structure directly adjacent to the end face of the related slaband extending upwardly and outwardly and downwardly and outwardly,respectively, from said tubular structure into the DONALD E. WILLARD.

